胰 腺癌(PaCa)是癌癥相關(guān)死亡的第四大原因,2018年美國(guó)約有55,440例新確診病例和44,330例死亡病例。由于該疾病的無癥狀性和缺乏用于檢測(cè)的特定生物標(biāo)志物,大多數(shù)病例確診時(shí)已為晚期,此時(shí)患者已無法進(jìn)行根治性切除治療。因此,PaCa患者的預(yù)后非常差,五年的相對(duì)生存率僅為8%。
抗體藥物結(jié)合物(ADC)的構(gòu)建提出了許多限制臨床進(jìn)展的挑戰(zhàn)。特別是常用的生物結(jié)合方法對(duì)藥物與抗體偶聯(lián)的部位提供了最小限度的控制。在這里,通過將西妥昔單抗(CTX)的鏈間二硫化物與噠嗪酮重新橋接,以產(chǎn)生高度精細(xì)的抗表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體(EGFR)ADC來克服這些困難。
抗體-藥物偶聯(lián)物(Antibody-drugconjugate,ADC)通常是指將具有細(xì)胞**的小分子偶聯(lián)至完整的IgG分子上,是增長(zhǎng)最快的一類生物治療藥物之一,目前被認(rèn)為具有改善PaCa治療策略的潛力。由于抗體能夠選擇性靶向表達(dá)抗原的細(xì)胞,而這種靶向作用可以大大提高偶聯(lián)分子的治療效果,特別是一些**大、無法進(jìn)行單一藥物治療的小分子。
我們?cè)谝阎狢TX耐藥的KRAS突變胰 腺癌(PaCa)模型中進(jìn)行ADC活性的體外和體內(nèi)進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。計(jì)算模型被用于定量預(yù)測(cè)腫瘤對(duì)不同ADC給藥方案的反應(yīng)。
該研究通過將西妥昔單抗(cetuximab,CTX)的鏈間二硫化物與帶有澳瑞他?。╝uristatin)的噠嗪二酮重新偶聯(lián),產(chǎn)生高度精制的抗EGFR(表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體)的ADC。研究人員在CTX抗性的KRAS突變胰 腺癌(PaCa)模型中對(duì)該ADC的活性進(jìn)行評(píng)估,并預(yù)測(cè)各種ADC給藥方案對(duì)腫瘤的影響。
結(jié)果顯示,當(dāng)Auristatin與CTX的位點(diǎn)選擇性偶聯(lián)得到ADC平均藥物:抗體比(DAR)為3.9時(shí),在納摩爾級(jí)濃度下會(huì)引起濃度和EGFR依賴性細(xì)胞**。在移植瘤模型中,ADC能夠抑制腫瘤生長(zhǎng)和延長(zhǎng)存活期,且沒有出現(xiàn)明顯的**跡象。通過數(shù)學(xué)建模分析可以得到影響ADC功效的關(guān)鍵因素,包括腫瘤細(xì)胞上抗原的密度對(duì)藥物靶向調(diào)控的影響。
綜上所述,我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)為CTX在PaCa治療中的應(yīng)用提供了新的希望,證明它可能被重新格式化為下一代ADC,并與預(yù)測(cè)模型工具相結(jié)合來指導(dǎo)成功的翻譯,另一方面,該研究為西妥昔單抗治療胰 腺癌也提供了新的可能性,說明其可以通過重排偶聯(lián)的方式,形成新型的抗體-藥物偶聯(lián)物。
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